Outcome After Subarachnoid Hemorrhage from Blood Blister-Like Aneurysm Rupture Depends on Age and Aneurysm Morphology

World Neurosurg. 2017 Sep:105:944-951.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.129. Epub 2017 Jun 27.

Abstract

Background: Blood blister-like aneurysms (BBLA) are rare, challenging to treat, and prone to rerupture. We analyzed our results in relationship to type of BBLA and other prognostic factors.

Methods: Data on patient and aneurysm characteristics, clinical course, and treatment results, including data from patient records and review of imaging findings, were collected prospectively and analyzed retrospectively.

Results: There were 27 patients (mean age 56 years) with subarachnoid hemorrhage from BBLA. Of patients, 13 (48%) had BBLA of the internal carotid artery, 6 had BBLA of the anterior cerebral artery (22%), 5 had BBLA of the middle cerebral artery (19%), and 3 had BBLA of the basilar artery (11%). Most patients (n = 12) had a circumferential type IV BBLA (44%). BBLAs were treated by clip-reinforced wrapping in 13 patients (48%) and by clipping alone in 8 patients (30%); 3 (11%) patients received no treatment. The 3 remaining patients were treated endovascularly, by combined treatment, or by fenestration tube technique. Rerupture after treatment occurred in 4 patients (15%), all of whom had type IV BBLAs. Outcome was unfavorable (modified Rankin scale score 3-6) in 52% (n = 14). The highest rates of rerupture (33%), delayed infarctions (67%), unfavorable outcome (75%), and death (50%) were identified in type IV BBLAs; type I-III BBLAs had a better course.

Conclusions: Treatment of BBLA is challenging. Patients with type IV BBLAs were especially prone to rerupture, delayed infarctions, unfavorable outcomes, and death. Independent risk factors for unfavorable outcome were advanced age (≥60 years) and type IV BBLA.

Keywords: Blister-like aneurysm; Cerebral aneurysm; Clipping; Coiling; Morphology; Recanalization; Subarachnoid hemorrhage.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / complications
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / pathology
  • Aneurysm, Ruptured / surgery*
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / complications
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / pathology
  • Carotid Artery Diseases / surgery*
  • Carotid Artery, Internal / surgery*
  • Cerebral Angiography / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / complications
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / pathology
  • Intracranial Aneurysm / surgery*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / complications
  • Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / surgery*
  • Surgical Instruments
  • Treatment Outcome