Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) is a curative intervention in patients with haematological malignant and non-malignant diseases, immunodeficiency, autoimmune, and other genetic diseases. Early complications are complications that are occurring in the first 100 days, while complications arising after the 100th day of transplantation belong to late complications.
Case report: Forty-nine years old patient with AML treated with allogeneic HSCT from HLA-identical (sister) donor. Ascertained and display of early (acute Graft versus host disease (GvHD) and late complications (chronic GVHD, infections, cataract, secondary malignancy with MS deposits) are made, that emerged after the patient transplantation.
Conclusion: Rapidly growing population of patients that undergo allogeneic HSCT creates an obligation to educate patients and physicians about observed late complications that occur after this therapy.
Keywords: allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation; early and late complications; graft versus host disease; secondary malignancy.