Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common cutaneous malignancy in the United States. Risk factors include immunosuppression, chronic wounds, fair skin, male gender, older age, several genetic syndromes, environmental exposures such as UV radiation, and a previous history of squamous cell carcinoma. Although metastasis is rare, the most common site of metastasis is the lymph nodes. As the incidence steadily increases, posing a significant public health concern, timely surveillance, early diagnosis, and prompt treatment are essential to minimize morbidity and mortality risks. Photoprotection and frequent full-body skin exams are recommended. While most cases are treated with surgical excision, novel therapeutic modalities continue to emerge. Systemic oncologic therapy and radiation therapy may be warranted for more advanced cases.