Effects of escitalopram and imipramine on cocaine reinforcement and drug-seeking behaviors in a rat model of depression

Brain Res. 2017 Oct 15:1673:30-41. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.07.016. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

Abstract

Depression and substance cocaine abuse are disorders with a high frequency of comorbidity. In the present study, we combined bilateral olfactory bulbectomy (OBX), an animal model of depression, with intravenous cocaine self-administration and extinction/reinstatement in rats to investigate the effects of two antidepressant drugs, escitalopram (ESC) and imipramine (IMI), with the goal of determining whether these drugs altered cocaine-induced reinforcement and seeking behaviors. Acute administration of IMI (2.5-30mg/kg) reduced the cocaine reinforcement in OBX and SHAM rats. Moreover, IMI effectively reduced the cocaine-seeking behavior after the drug acute or repeated administration during extinction training in OBX rats and SHAM-operated controls. By contrast, acutely administered ESC (2.5-20mg/kg) did not alter cocaine reinforcement in OBX rats or SHAM-operated controls. The lack of ESC effects was also demonstrated during reinstatement tests to study drug-seeking behavior after ESC repeated daily treatment during extinction trials. However, acute treatment with ESC dose-dependently decreased the cocaine-seeking behavior and relapse triggered by cocaine priming or drug-associated conditioned cues in both OBX and SHAM rats. These results indicate the cocaine anti-reinforcement and anti-seeking efficacy of the two antidepressant drugs studied here. However, the mechanisms for the IMI and ESC activity should be clarified in further studies.

Keywords: Cocaine self-administration; Depression; Escitalopram; Imipramine; Olfactory bulbectomy; Rats.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Citalopram / pharmacology*
  • Cocaine / administration & dosage
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders / complications
  • Cocaine-Related Disorders / drug therapy*
  • Cues
  • Depressive Disorder / complications
  • Depressive Disorder / drug therapy*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug-Seeking Behavior / drug effects*
  • Extinction, Psychological / drug effects
  • Imipramine / pharmacology*
  • Male
  • Motor Activity / drug effects
  • Olfactory Bulb / physiopathology
  • Psychotropic Drugs / pharmacology*
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Reinforcement, Psychology
  • Self Administration

Substances

  • Psychotropic Drugs
  • Citalopram
  • Cocaine
  • Imipramine