Periprocedural Myocardial Injury Depends on Transcatheter Heart Valve Type But Does Not Predict Mortality in Patients After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Aug 14;10(15):1550-1560. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.05.029.

Abstract

Objectives: The aims of this study were to determine plasma elevations of biomarkers of myocardial injury associated with transfemoral (TF) transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to evaluate their prognostic value.

Background: Increases in biomarkers of myocardial injury are a common finding after TAVR, but their clinical significance is unclear.

Methods: In 756 consecutive TF TAVR patients, cardiac high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels were measured at pre-defined time points to assess the occurrence of myocardial injury (defined as 15 times the upper reference limit for hsTnI [≥1.5 ng/ml] or 5 times the upper reference limit for CK-MB [≥18 μg/l]) during the first 72 h. The primary endpoint was all-cause mortality at 1 year.

Results: After uneventful TF TAVR, hsTnI was elevated in 51.6% and CK-MB in 7.4% of patients, respectively. Myocardial injury was associated with transcatheter heart valve (THV) type: patients who received the LOTUS THV more frequently had myocardial injury compared with those who received other THVs (LOTUS, 81.6%; Direct Flow Medical, 56.4%; CoreValve, 51.2%; Evolut R, 42.7%; SAPIEN XT, 40.4%; SAPIEN 3, 36.6%; p < 0.001). Myocardial injury defined by hsTnI was not associated with adverse outcomes at 30 days (3.1% vs. 2.7%; p = 0.778) or 1 year (16.7% vs. 17.2%; p = 0.841). Likewise, a CK-MB increase was not associated with 30-day mortality (5.5% vs. 2.8%; p = 0.258) or 1-year mortality (16.4% vs. 17.3%; p = 0.856).

Conclusions: Myocardial injury is common following TF TAVR. The extent of cardiac biomarker elevation depends on THV type but is not associated with adverse short- and long-term outcomes after uneventful TAVR.

Keywords: CK-MB; TAVR; creatine kinase MB; high-sensitivity troponin; hsTnI; myocardial injury.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve / surgery*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form / blood
  • Female
  • Femoral Artery
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis*
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Myocardium / enzymology
  • Myocardium / pathology*
  • Prosthesis Design*
  • Punctures
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / adverse effects*
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / instrumentation*
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / methods
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / mortality
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Troponin I / blood
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Troponin I
  • Creatine Kinase, MB Form