Abstract
The involvement of the diencephalic regions in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) may lead to endocrinopathies. In this study, we identified the following endocrinopathies in 60% (15/25) of young people with paediatric-onset aquaporin 4-Antibody (AQP4-Ab) NMOSD: morbid obesity ( n = 8), hyperinsulinaemia ( n = 5), hyperandrogenism ( n = 5), amenorrhoea ( n = 5), hyponatraemia ( n = 4), short stature ( n = 3) and central hypothyroidism ( n = 2) irrespective of hypothalamic lesions. Morbid obesity was seen in 88% (7/8) of children of Caribbean origin. As endocrinopathies were prevalent in the majority of paediatric-onset AQP4-Ab NMOSD, endocrine surveillance and in particular early aggressive weight management is required for patients with AQP4-Ab NMOSD.
Keywords:
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO); Quality of Life; endocrinopathies; hypothalamic involvement; obesity.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adolescent
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Amenorrhea / epidemiology
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Amenorrhea / etiology
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Aquaporin 4 / immunology*
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Autoantibodies*
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Caribbean Region / epidemiology
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Child
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Cohort Studies
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Endocrine System Diseases / epidemiology*
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Endocrine System Diseases / etiology
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Female
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Humans
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Hyperandrogenism / epidemiology
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Hyperandrogenism / etiology
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Hyperinsulinism / epidemiology
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Hyperinsulinism / etiology
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Hyponatremia / epidemiology
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Hyponatremia / etiology
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Hypothalamus / diagnostic imaging
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Hypothalamus / pathology
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Hypothyroidism / epidemiology
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Hypothyroidism / etiology
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Immunologic Factors*
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Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Male
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Morbidity
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Neuromyelitis Optica / complications
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Neuromyelitis Optica / diagnostic imaging
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Neuromyelitis Optica / epidemiology*
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Neuromyelitis Optica / immunology*
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Obesity, Morbid / epidemiology
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Obesity, Morbid / etiology
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Prevalence
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Quality of Life
Substances
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Aquaporin 4
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Autoantibodies
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Immunologic Factors