Mechanistic insights into EgGST1, a Mu class glutathione S-transferase from the cestode parasite Echinococcus granulosus

Arch Biochem Biophys. 2017 Nov 1:633:15-22. doi: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.08.014. Epub 2017 Aug 31.

Abstract

Glutathione transferases (GSTs) comprise a major detoxification system in helminth parasites, displaying both catalytic and non-catalytic activities. The kinetic mechanism of these enzymes is complex and depends on the isoenzyme which is being analyzed. Here, we characterized the kinetic mechanism of rEgGST1, a recombinant form of a cytosolic GST from Echinococcus granulosus (EgGST1), which is related to the Mu-class of mammalian enzymes, using the canonical substrates glutathione (GSH) and 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB). Initial rate and product inhibition studies were consistent with a steady-state random sequential mechanism, where both substrates are bound to the enzyme before the products are released. Kinetic constants were also determined (pH 6.5 and 30 °C). Moreover, rEgGST1 lowered the pKa of GSH from 8.71 ± 0.07 to 6.77 ± 0.08, and enzyme-bound GSH reacted with CDNB 1 × 105 times faster than free GSH at pH 7.4. Finally, the dissociation of the enzyme-GSH complex was studied by means of intrinsic fluorescence, as well as that of the complex with the anthelminth drug mebendazole. This is the first report on mechanistic issues related to a helminth parasitic GST.

Keywords: Echinococcus granulosus; Enzyme kinetics; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Glutathione; Glutathione transferase.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anthelmintics / pharmacology
  • Cloning, Molecular
  • Dinitrochlorobenzene / metabolism
  • Echinococcus granulosus / chemistry*
  • Echinococcus granulosus / enzymology
  • Escherichia coli / genetics
  • Escherichia coli / metabolism
  • Gene Expression
  • Glutathione / metabolism*
  • Glutathione Transferase / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Glutathione Transferase / genetics
  • Glutathione Transferase / metabolism*
  • Helminth Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Helminth Proteins / genetics
  • Helminth Proteins / metabolism*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Inactivation, Metabolic / genetics
  • Isoenzymes / genetics
  • Isoenzymes / metabolism
  • Kinetics
  • Mebendazole / pharmacology
  • Protein Binding
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / genetics
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism*
  • Substrate Specificity

Substances

  • Anthelmintics
  • Dinitrochlorobenzene
  • Helminth Proteins
  • Isoenzymes
  • Recombinant Fusion Proteins
  • Mebendazole
  • Glutathione Transferase
  • Glutathione