Sexual Assault History and Physical

Sexual assault is defined as sexual contact between individuals without legal consent, primarily based on age but including capacity. Rape is a form of sexual assault involving penetration, however minimal, of the vaginal or anal opening. Although physical force may be used, sexual assault includes coercion into sexual contact by intimidation, threats, or fear. Local laws variably define the exact acts that constitute sexual contact and the specific populations unable to give legal consent, including individuals with disabilities. In general, those under the influence of drugs or alcohol, minors, and developmentally delayed individuals are considered unable to provide consent for sexual contact.

All clinicians must conduct a compassionate, complete history and physical examination of any patient regardless of age, gender, or sexual orientation after sexual assault. The complex nexus between a clinician caring for a patient and police requests for evidence must be addressed with the patient before collection. Each examination must be tailored to accommodate the specific circumstances the patient reports rather than a one-protocol-fits-all approach.