A novel actinomycete, designated strain EURKPP3H10T, was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., collected from Kamphaengphet Silvicultural Research Station, Kamphaengphet province, Thailand. The taxonomic position of strain EURKPP3H10T was studied using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic evaluation based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain EURKPP3H10T belongs to the genus Cryptosporangium, with the highest sequence similarity to Cryptosporangium cibodasense LIPI11-2-Ac046T (99.2 %). Colonies of strain EURKPP3H10T were orange yellow. Spherical sporangia with motile spores were observed. The strain contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and acofriose, arabinose, galactose, glucose, mannose, xylose and ribose in whole-cell hydrolysates. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H8) and MK-9(H6). The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, C17 : 1ω8c, C18 : 1ω9c and C17 : 0. The polar lipids of the strain were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol and unknown lipids. The DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 71.5 mol%. Based on comparative analysis of physiological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic data, including DNA-DNA hybridization, strain EURKPP3H10T represents a novel species of the genus Cryptosporangium, for which the name Cryptosporangium eucalypti sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is EURKPP3H10T (=BCC 77605T=NBRC 111482T).