Impact of restarting home neuropsychiatric medications on sedation outcomes in medical intensive care unit patients

J Crit Care. 2018 Feb:43:102-107. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.07.046. Epub 2017 Jul 29.

Abstract

Purpose: This single-center, retrospective cohort study investigated the effects of timing of initiating home neuropsychiatric medications (NPMs) on sedation-related outcomes.

Materials and methods: Subjects included adult medical intensive care unit (MICU) patients who had an NPM on their admission medication list; intubated before or on arrival to the intensive care unit (ICU); and were on benzodiazepine-based sedation. The intervention assessed was the timing of the initiation of home NPMs: early (≤5days) vs. late (>5days) into the ICU stay.

Results: There were 56 and 53 patients in the early and late restart groups, respectively. Early cohort patients maintained a median daily RASS of -1.5, while late cohort patients had a median daily RASS of -2.0 (p=0.02). The effect was driven by the subgroup of patients on home anti-depressant therapy who were restarted early on these agents. The early restart group had a higher percentage of days with RASS scores within goal (p=0.01) and less delirium (p=0.02). Early restarting of home NPMs was associated with a non-significant decrease in ventilator days compared with late restarting (p=0.11).

Conclusions: Restarting home NPMs was associated with lighter sedation levels and less delirium.

Keywords: Antidepressants; Antipsychotics; Benzodiazepines; Gabapentinoids; Medication reconciliation; Sedation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Anesthesia / methods
  • Benzodiazepines / therapeutic use*
  • Central Nervous System Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Conscious Sedation / methods*
  • Critical Care / statistics & numerical data
  • Deep Sedation / methods*
  • Delirium / prevention & control
  • Drug Substitution
  • Female
  • Home Care Services
  • Humans
  • Intensive Care Units / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Medication Reconciliation
  • Middle Aged
  • Respiration, Artificial / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
  • Ventilator Weaning

Substances

  • Central Nervous System Agents
  • Benzodiazepines