Porcine intestinal microbiota is shaped by diet composition based on rye or triticale

J Appl Microbiol. 2017 Dec;123(6):1571-1583. doi: 10.1111/jam.13595. Epub 2017 Nov 7.

Abstract

Aims: The present study aimed to compare the microbiota composition from pigs fed different cereal grain types, either rye or triticale, as sole energy source.

Methods and results: Ileal digesta and faeces were sampled from eight pigs of each experiment. Illumina amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was used to analyse the microbiota. Concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and ammonia were determined from faecal samples. The grain type revealed significant alterations in the overall microbiota structure. The rye-based diet was associated with an increased abundance of Lactobacillus in ileal digesta and Streptococcus in faeces and significantly higher concentrations of faecal short-chain fatty acids and ammonia compared to triticale. However, triticale significantly promoted the abundance of Streptococcus in ileal digesta and Clostridium sensu stricto in faeces.

Conclusions: Diets based on rye or triticale affect varying intestinal microbiota, both of taxonomical and metabolic structure, with rye indicating an enhanced saccharolytic potential and triticale a more cellulolytic potential.

Significance and impact of the study: Nutrient composition of rye and triticale are attractive for porcine nutrition. Both cereal grains show varying stimuli on the microbiota composition and microbial products of the ileum and faeces.

Keywords: agriculture; intestinal microbiology; lactic acid bacteria; microbial phylogenetics; microbial structure.

MeSH terms

  • Animal Feed*
  • Animals
  • Diet*
  • Edible Grain / metabolism
  • Fatty Acids, Volatile / metabolism
  • Feces / microbiology
  • Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
  • Ileum / microbiology
  • Lactobacillus / growth & development
  • Lactobacillus / isolation & purification
  • Microbiota*
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / genetics
  • Secale*
  • Swine / microbiology*
  • Triticale*

Substances

  • Fatty Acids, Volatile
  • RNA, Ribosomal, 16S