Does a balanced transfusion ratio of plasma to packed red blood cells improve outcomes in both trauma and surgical patients? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and observational studies

Am J Surg. 2018 Aug;216(2):342-350. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.08.045. Epub 2017 Sep 23.

Abstract

Background: The effect of high transfusion ratios of fresh frozen plasma (FFP): packed red blood cell (RBC) on mortality is still controversial. Observational evidence contradicts a recent randomized controlled trial regarding mortality benefit. This is an updated meta-analysis, including a non-trauma cohort.

Methods: Patients were grouped into high vs. low based on FFP:RBC ratio. Primary outcomes were 24-h and 30-day/in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes were acute respiratory distress syndrome and acute lung injury rates. Random model and leave-one-out-analyses were used.

Results: In 36 studies, lower ratio showed poorer 24-h and 30-day survival (p < 0.001). In trauma and non-trauma settings, a lower ratio was associated with worse 24-h and 30-day mortality (P < 0.001). A ratio of 1:1.5 provided the largest 24-h and 30-day survival benefit (p < 0.001). The ratio was not associated with ARDS or ALI.

Conclusions: High FFP:RBC ratio confers survival benefits in trauma and non-trauma settings, with the highest survival benefit at 1:1.5.

Keywords: 24-h and 30-day/in-hospital mortality; Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and acute lung injury (ALI) rates; Fresh frozen plasma (FFP): packed red blood cell (RBC) ratio; Meta-analysis.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood Transfusion / methods*
  • Erythrocyte Transfusion / methods
  • Global Health
  • Hospital Mortality / trends
  • Humans
  • Observational Studies as Topic*
  • Plasma*
  • Postoperative Complications / mortality
  • Postoperative Complications / therapy*
  • Prognosis
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic*
  • Shock, Traumatic / mortality
  • Shock, Traumatic / therapy*
  • Survival Rate / trends