[Epidemiological characterization of bites on people, as emergency care record: Province of Los Andes, Chile]

Rev Chilena Infectol. 2017 Jun;34(3):212-220. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182017000300002.
[Article in Spanish]

Abstract

Background: Bites constitute a public health problem worldwide.

Aim: To characterize epidemiologically bites by animals happened in the province of Los Andes (2005-2007).

Method: Descriptive, retrospective epidemiological study. Studied variables: Bitten person (BP), accident by bite, biting animal and bite. It was not feasible to obtain more updated information by law of patient protection.

Results: 2,360 BP were assisted in the emergency unit of San Juan de Dios Hospital and Rio Blanco clinic. An annual average rate of 729 BP/100,000 inhabitants and 1.99 daily average was recorded. The male gender was most affected (53.5%) and the age group from 6 to 10 years old. (Rate: .521/100,000). Most frequent topographic location was the lower limb, except in children under 5 year olds in whom predominated head and neck. The biting animal according to frequency was: the dog (67.1%) spider (7.1%) and cat (3.9%). The animal property was 35.6% known and 30.7% own. The most frequent problems were: nonspecific allergy; toxic effect by spider bites and among the infections, the disease made by cat’s scratch stands out. Regarding the record system, the biting animal complaint was applied to 47.6% of the BP and the 92.8% of the recorded information was incomplete.

Conclusions: Bites reported higher rates in the province of Los Andes than the average of the country (729 versus 188/100,000), standing out the higher magnitude in 6 to 10 year-old-children. It is noticed that the record is low and incomplete. In this province, no bite control programs or updated studies have been carried out.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Animals
  • Bites and Stings / classification
  • Bites and Stings / epidemiology*
  • Cats
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Chile / epidemiology
  • Dogs
  • Emergency Medical Services
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Rabbits
  • Rats
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Seasons
  • Spider Bites / epidemiology
  • Young Adult