Possible Association between Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) Levels and Relapse in Depressed Patients following Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Mar 1;21(3):236-241. doi: 10.1093/ijnp/pyx086.

Abstract

Background: Matrix metalloproteinases are involved in neuroinflammatory processes, which could underlie depression. Serum levels of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in depressed patients are significantly altered following electroconvulsive therapy, but an association between altered matrix metalloproteinases after successful ECT and possible relapse has yet to be investigated.

Methods: Serum was obtained twice, before and immediately after a course of electroconvulsive therapy, from 38 depressed patients. Serum was also collected, once, from two groups of age- and gender-matched healthy controls, 40 volunteers in each group. Possible associations between levels of matrix metalloproteinases and relapse during a 1-year follow-up period were analyzed.

Results: Excluding patients who did not respond to electroconvulsive therapy and patients lost to follow-up, data from 28 patients were evaluated. Eighteen of the patients (64.3%) relapsed within 1 year. In the group that did not relapse, serum levels of MMP-9 were significantly decreased after a course of electroconvulsive therapy, but not in the group that relapsed. No association between MMP-2 and relapse was observed.

Conclusion: The degree of change in serum MMP-9 change could be associated with relapse following electroconvulsive therapy in depressed patients.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Bipolar Disorder / blood
  • Bipolar Disorder / enzymology
  • Bipolar Disorder / therapy
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / blood*
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / enzymology
  • Depressive Disorder, Major / therapy*
  • Electroconvulsive Therapy
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / blood
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / blood*
  • Middle Aged
  • Recurrence
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • MMP2 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 2
  • MMP9 protein, human
  • Matrix Metalloproteinase 9