Management and long-term outcomes of sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension

Eur Respir J. 2017 Oct 19;50(4):1700465. doi: 10.1183/13993003.00465-2017. Print 2017 Oct.

Abstract

Studies reporting the effects of modern strategies with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH)-targeted therapies in sarcoidosis-associated pulmonary hypertension (S-APH) are limited.Clinical and haemodynamic data from newly diagnosed patients with severe S-APH (mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) >35 mmHg or mPAP 25-35 mmHg with cardiac index <2.5 L·min-1·m-2) were collected from the French Pulmonary Hypertension Registry between 2004 and 2015.Data from 126 patients with severe S-APH were analysed (mean±sd age 57.5±11.6 years, 74% radiological stage IV). 97 patients (77%) received PAH-targeted therapy and immunosuppressive therapy was initiated or escalated in 33 patients at the time of pulmonary hypertension diagnosis. Four months after PAH-targeted therapy initiation, mean±sd pulmonary vascular resistance decreased from 9.7±4.4 to 6.9±3.0 Wood units (p<0.001), without significant improvement in exercise capacity. Among the 11 patients treated only with immunosuppressive therapy, a haemodynamic improvement was observed in four patients, including two with compressive lymph nodes. After a median follow-up of 28 months, 39 patients needed PAH-targeted therapy escalation, nine underwent lung transplantation and 42 had died. Survival at 1, 3 and 5 years was 93%, 74% and 55%, respectively.PAH-targeted therapy improved short-term pulmonary haemodynamics in severe S-APH without change in exercise capacity. Immunosuppressive therapy improved haemodynamics in selected patients. Pulmonary hypertension in sarcoidosis remains associated with a poor prognosis.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Disease Management
  • Female
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / diagnosis
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / epidemiology
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / etiology
  • Hypertension, Pulmonary* / physiopathology
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Lung* / diagnostic imaging
  • Lung* / drug effects
  • Lung* / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care
  • Patient Acuity
  • Radiography / methods
  • Respiratory Function Tests / methods
  • Sarcoidosis* / complications
  • Sarcoidosis* / diagnosis
  • Sarcoidosis* / drug therapy
  • Time
  • Vascular Resistance

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents