Percutaneous Coronary Intervention of Chronic Total Occlusions in Patients With Low Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Nov 13;10(21):2158-2170. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.06.058. Epub 2017 Oct 18.

Abstract

Objectives: The study sought to assess the outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) of chronic total occlusions (CTOs) in patients with low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (≤35%).

Background: Data regarding the outcome of PCI in patients with low LVEF affected by CTO are scarcely reported.

Methods: The authors performed a prospective longitudinal multicenter study including consecutive patients undergoing elective PCI of CTOs. Patients were subdivided into 3 groups: group 1 (LVEF ≥50%), group 2 (LVEF 35% to 50%), and group 3 (LVEF ≤35%).

Results: A total of 839 patients (mean 64.6 ± 10.5 years of age, 87.7% men) underwent CTO PCI attempts. Baseline LVEF ≤35% was present in 72 (8.6%) patients. The angiographic success was high (overall 93.6%) and similar among the 3 groups (93.5% vs. 94.4% vs. 91.7%, respectively; all p = NS). In group 3, no periprocedural complications of CTO PCI were observed. Mean clinical follow-up of 16.3 ± 8.2 months duration was available in 781 (93.1%) patients including those with LVEF ≤35%. At 2 years, major cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) free survival was similar in the 3 groups (86% vs. 82.8% vs. 75.2%; all p = NS). In patients with LVEF ≤35%, LVEF improved significantly in the presence of a successful CTO PCI from 29.1 ± 3.4% to 41.6 ± 7.9% (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: In CTO patients with low LVEF, PCI could represent a safe and effective revascularization strategy achieving good midterm outcome and LVEF improvement.

Keywords: PCI; chronic total occlusion; ischemic LV dysfunction; left ventricular ejection fraction.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Chronic Disease
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Coronary Occlusion / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Occlusion / physiopathology
  • Coronary Occlusion / therapy*
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Europe
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / adverse effects
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prospective Studies
  • Recovery of Function
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke Volume*
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ventricular Function, Left*