2D-LC-MS/MS to measure cleaved high-molecular-weight kininogen in human plasma as a biomarker for C1-INH-HAE

Bioanalysis. 2017 Oct;9(19):1477-1491. doi: 10.4155/bio-2017-0105. Epub 2017 Oct 21.

Abstract

Aim: C1-INH-HAE is caused by activation of plasma kallikrein which subsequently cleaves high-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK) to generate bradykinin and cHMWK.

Materials & methods: A novel ion-pair 2D LC-MS/MS assay was developed to measure the 46 kDa cHMWK in plasma as a biomarker for C1-INH-HAE. The sample preparation included sodium dodecyl sulfate denaturation, methanol crash, chymotryptic digestion and peptide enrichment by solid phase extraction.

Results: The LLOQ was 200 ng/ml. The overall cHMWK recovery combining crash and digestion was 57.5%. The precision of the method was ≤12.7% and accuracy ≤-13.8%.

Conclusion: A reagent-free LC-MS assay has been developed for the quantitation of 46 kDa cHMWK, which was shown to be elevated in plasma of C1-INH-HAE patients due to C1-INH deficiency relative to that of healthy subjects.

Keywords: C1-INH-HAE biomarker; cleaved high-molecular-weight kininogen; ion-pair 2D-LC–MS/MS; protein biomarker.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / chemistry
  • Blood Chemical Analysis / methods*
  • Chromatography, Liquid
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein / genetics*
  • Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II / blood*
  • Hereditary Angioedema Types I and II / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight / blood*
  • Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight / chemistry
  • Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight / isolation & purification
  • Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight / metabolism
  • Proteolysis*
  • Solid Phase Extraction
  • Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Complement C1 Inhibitor Protein
  • Kininogen, High-Molecular-Weight