3D transesophageal echocardiography: A new imaging tool for assessment of mitral regurgitation and for guiding percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair

Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2017 Nov-Dec;60(3):305-321. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2017.10.001. Epub 2017 Oct 19.

Abstract

Real time three dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D TEE) is probably the most powerful and convincing imaging method for understanding the complicated multiform morphology and for evaluating geometry, dynamics and function of degenerative and functional mitral valve (MV) regurgitation. Moreover, color Doppler 3D TEE has been valuable to identify the location of the regurgitant orifice and the severity of the mitral regurgitation. 3D TEE has been shown to be of enormous value in helping surgeons to perform MV repair. In addition, due to its ability to show a "panoramic" view of the "theater" where the procedure takes place, it has become an indispensable companion of 2D TEE during percutaneous edge-to-edge repair. A novel hybrid imaging modality where echocardiography is merged with fluoroscopy, may in the future further improve guidance of this and other complex percutaneous transcatheter interventions.

Keywords: Mitral clip; Mitral valve regurgitation; Three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cardiac Catheterization* / adverse effects
  • Cardiac Catheterization* / instrumentation
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures* / instrumentation
  • Echocardiography, Doppler, Color
  • Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional*
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal*
  • Hemodynamics
  • Humans
  • Mitral Valve / diagnostic imaging*
  • Mitral Valve / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve / surgery*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / diagnostic imaging*
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / physiopathology
  • Mitral Valve Insufficiency / surgery*
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome