[Treatment outcome, survival and their risk factors among new tuberculosis patients co-infected with HIV during the Ebola outbreak in Conakry]

Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2017 Nov;65(6):419-426. doi: 10.1016/j.respe.2017.05.011. Epub 2017 Oct 22.
[Article in French]

Abstract

Background: Mortality among TB/HIV co-infected patients remains high in Africa. The study aimed to estimate survival and associated factors in a cohort of TB/HIV co-infected patients who started tuberculosis treatment during the Ebola outbreak in Conakry, Guinea.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from April 2014 to December 2015. TB patients with HIV co-infection were enrolled at the University Hospital of Conakry. Survival and risk factors were analyzed according to Kaplan-Meier's method, log-rank test and Cox's regression.

Results: Data from 573 patients were analyzed. From these, 86 (15.0%) died before the end of treatment, 52% occurring within eight weeks of treatment onset. Survival at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after the beginning of the TB treatment was 92%, 86% and 83%, respectively. Independent risk factors associated with death were in the cell CD4 <200 cells/mm3 [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR): 2.25; 95% CI (confidence intervals): 1.16-4.37], opportunistic infections other than TB [AHR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.39-6.02], and comorbidities [AHR: 4.12; 95% CI: 2.10-8.10]. An increase of one unit in hemoglobin [AHR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.75-0.91] was protective of death.

Conclusion: TB/HIV co-infected patients had a higher fatality rate during treatment of tuberculosis. Prevention of opportunistic infections, anemia and proper management of tuberculosis treatment in early comorbidities may improve survival for TB/HIV co-infected patients in restoring immune function.

Keywords: Co-infection TB/VIH; Ebola; Facteurs de risque; Guinea; Guinée; Risk factors; Survie; Survival; TB/HIV co-infection.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Cause of Death
  • Cohort Studies
  • Coinfection / mortality*
  • Coinfection / therapy*
  • Comorbidity
  • Disease Outbreaks
  • Epidemics
  • Female
  • Guinea / epidemiology
  • HIV
  • HIV Infections / complications
  • HIV Infections / mortality*
  • HIV Infections / therapy*
  • Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / epidemiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis / complications
  • Tuberculosis / mortality*
  • Tuberculosis / therapy*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents