Preparation of 3D Architecture Graphdiyne Nanosheets for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries and Capacitors

Here, we apply three-dimensional (3D) architecture graphdiyne nanosheet (GDY-NS) as anode materials for sodium-ion storage devices achieving high energy and power performance along with excellent cyclic ability. The contribution of 3D architecture nanostructure and intramolecular pores of the GDY-NS can substantially optimize the sodium storage behavior through the accommodated intramolecular pore, 3D interconnective porous structure, and increased activity sites to facilitate a fast sodium-ion-diffusion channel. The contribution of butadiyne linkages and the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interface layer are directly confirmed through the in situ Raman measurement. The GDY-NS-based sodium-ion batteries exhibit a stable reversible capacity of approximately 812 mAh g^-1 at a current density of 0.05 A g^-1; they maintain more than 405 mAh g^-1 over 1000 cycles at a current density of 1 A g^-1. Furthermore, the sodium-ion capacitors could deliver a capacitance more than 200 F g^-1 over 3000 cycles at 1 A g^-1 and display an initial specific energy as high as 182.3 Wh kg^-1 at a power density of 300 W kg^-1 and maintain specific energy of 166 Wh kg^-1 even at a power density of 15 000 W kg^-1. The high energy and power density along with excellent cyclic performance based on the GDY-NS anode offers a great potential toward application on next-generation energy storage devices.