Returning from the acidotic abyss: Mortality in trauma patients with a pH < 7.0

Am J Surg. 2017 Dec;214(6):1067-1072. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.08.033. Epub 2017 Sep 18.

Abstract

Introduction: We hypothesized that a pH of <7.0 on presentation would correlate with almost universal mortality in trauma patients.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed on a Level I trauma center registry from 2013 to 2014. Hospital mortality was the primary outcome, which was compared by pH cohort (<7.0 or ≥7.0) using standard univariate statistics and multivariate logistic regression.

Results: There were 593 patients included in the analysis: 66 in <7.0, 527 in ≥7.0. Mortality was 3× higher in the <7.0 pH cohort (62.1 vs. 20.3%; p < 0.0001), however there was no threshold for a pH below which there was 100% mortality. After controlling for these confounding variables, initial pH was found to be an independent predictor of inpatient mortality: pH < 7.0 (OR 6.33, 3.29-12.19; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: This data indicates that while patients with severe acidosis are at increased risk for mortality, a pH < 7.0 is still recoverable in select cases.

Keywords: Acidosis; Futility; Mortality; Trauma; pH < 7.0.

MeSH terms

  • Acidosis / mortality*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Hospital Mortality*
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Infant
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Trauma Centers
  • Wounds and Injuries / mortality*