Long-Term Health Benefit of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Chronic Lung Disease

JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2017 Nov 27;10(22):2283-2293. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2017.07.025. Epub 2017 Nov 1.

Abstract

Objectives: This study sought to characterize the long-term effect of chronic lung disease (CLD) on mortality, clinical outcomes, quality of life, and health benefits after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a self-expanding bioprosthesis.

Background: The long-term effect of CLD after TAVR is unknown.

Methods: Prevalence and severity of CLD was determined at baseline in high- and extreme-risk patients with aortic stenosis from the CoreValve US Pivotal Trial. Clinical outcomes and health status were assessed using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score (KCCQ-OS). A favorable health benefit was defined as alive with a KCCQ-OS ≥60 and stability (<10-point decrease) or improvement in the KCCQ-OS from baseline.

Results: CLD was present in 55% (20% mild, 13% moderate, 22% severe) of the 1,030 patients studied. All-cause mortality was higher in patients with moderate and severe CLD at 1 year (19.6% mild, 28.1% moderate, 26.9% severe CLD vs. 19.2% non-CLD; p = 0.030) and 3 years (44.8% mild, 53.0% moderate, 51.9% severe vs. 37.7% non-CLD; p < 0.001). New York Heart Association functional class improved in more than 80% of patients with CLD at 1 and 3 years. All patients had a nearly 20-point improvement in KCCQ-OS at 1 and 3 years. However, only 43.3% of patients with CLD had a favorable health benefit at 1 year and 22.5% at 3 years.

Conclusions: Moderate and severe CLD increases 1- and 3-year mortality after TAVR. Although functional status and quality of life were improved in CLD at 1 and 3 years after TAVR, a favorable health benefit was only achieved in selected patients. (Safety and Efficacy Study of the Medtronic CoreValve System in the Treatment of Symptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis in High Risk and Very High Risk Subjects Who Need Aortic Valve Replacement; NCT01240902).

Keywords: Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; chronic lung disease; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; clinical outcomes; quality of life; transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Aortic Valve / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve / surgery*
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / mortality
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / physiopathology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Bioprosthesis
  • Cause of Death
  • Chronic Disease
  • Female
  • Health Status
  • Heart Valve Prosthesis
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lung / physiopathology*
  • Lung Diseases / diagnosis
  • Lung Diseases / mortality
  • Lung Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Male
  • Prevalence
  • Prosthesis Design
  • Quality of Life
  • Recovery of Function
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / adverse effects
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / instrumentation
  • Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement / mortality
  • Treatment Outcome
  • United States / epidemiology

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01240902