Predictive and prognostic potential of volume-based metabolic variables obtained by a baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT in breast cancer with neoadjuvant chemotherapy indication

Rev Esp Med Nucl Imagen Mol (Engl Ed). 2018 Mar-Apr;37(2):73-79. doi: 10.1016/j.remn.2017.09.002. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
[Article in English, Spanish]

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the usefulness of metabolic variables using 18F-FDG PET/CT in the prediction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NC) response and the prognosis in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

Material and methods: Prospective study including 67 patients with LABC, NC indication and a baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT. After breast tumor segmentation, SUV variables (SUVmax, SUVmean and SUVpeak) and volume-based variables, such as metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG), were obtained. Tumors were grouped into molecular phenotypes, and classified as responders or non-responders after completion of NC. Disease-free status (DFs), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed. A univariate and multivariate analysis was performed to study the potential of all variables to predict DFs, DFS, and OS.

Results: Fourteen patients were classified as responders. Median±SD of DFS and OS was 43±15 and 46±13 months, respectively. SUV and TLG showed a significant correlation (p<0.005) with the histological response, with higher values in responders compared to non-responders. MTV and TLG showed a significant association with DFs (p=0.015 and p=0.038 respectively). Median, mean and SD of MTV and TLG for patients with DFs were: 8.90, 13.73, 15.10 and 33.78, and 90.54 and 144.64, respectively. Median, mean and SD of MTV and TLG for patients with non-DFs were: 16.72, 29.70 and 31.09 and 90.89, 210.98 and 382.80, respectively. No significant relationships were observed with SUV variables and DFs. Volume-based variables were significantly associated with OS and DFS, although in multivariate analysis only MTV was related to OS. No SUV variables showed an association with the prognosis.

Conclusion: Volume-based metabolic variables obtained with 18F-FDG PET/CT, unlike SUV based variables, were good predictors of both neoadjuvant chemotherapy response and prognosis.

Keywords: (18)F-FDG PET/CT; (18)F-FDG PET/TC; Breast cancer; Cáncer de mama; Neoadjuvant chemotherapy response; Prognosis; Pronóstico; Respuesta a quimioterapia neoadyuvante; Variables volumétricas metabólicas; Volume-based metabolic variables.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / surgery
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Female
  • Fluorine Radioisotopes / analysis*
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / analysis*
  • Glycolysis
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lymphatic Metastasis / diagnostic imaging
  • Mastectomy
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy*
  • Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography / methods*
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Prospective Studies
  • Radiopharmaceuticals / analysis*
  • Tumor Burden

Substances

  • Fluorine Radioisotopes
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
  • Fluorine-18