Cannabis Intoxication Case Series: The Dangers of Edibles Containing Tetrahydrocannabinol

Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Mar;71(3):306-313. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2017.09.008. Epub 2017 Nov 3.

Abstract

Study objective: Cannabis and its principal active constituent, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), are increasingly available as edibles resembling commercially available food products. In this case series, we describe a population of predominantly pediatric patients who were inadvertently exposed to a THC-containing product in San Francisco.

Methods: Twelve children and 9 adults were identified, with 16 patients having detectable serum THC and THC metabolites. All patients presented to hospitals with a variety of constitutional symptoms and all were discharged home within 12 hours.

Results: In general, pediatric patients had more severe symptoms and longer hospital length of stay, and, uniquely, a majority presented with leukocytosis and elevated lactic acid levels.

Conclusion: We recommend that efforts be made to increase general public awareness in regard to the potential hazards of THC-containing edibles resembling commercially available food products.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Candy*
  • Cannabis / poisoning*
  • Child
  • Dronabinol / analogs & derivatives*
  • Dronabinol / blood
  • Female
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / methods
  • Humans
  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Marijuana Abuse / blood*
  • Marijuana Abuse / diagnosis
  • Marijuana Abuse / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • San Francisco / epidemiology
  • Substance Abuse Detection / methods*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hypnotics and Sedatives
  • delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol hemisuccinate
  • Dronabinol