The benefits of a low dose complex carbohydrate/citrulline electrolyte solution for preoperative carbohydrate loading: Focus on glycemic variability

Am J Surg. 2018 Mar;215(3):373-376. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2017.10.029. Epub 2017 Nov 8.

Abstract

Background: Perioperative insulin resistance is associated with significant hyperglycemia-related morbidity in patients undergoing major surgery. We sought to assess the effect of preoperative loading with a low-dose maltodextrin/citrulline solution compared to a commercially available sports drink on glycemic levels in an established colorectal enhanced recovery program.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was undertaken of elective non-diabetic colectomies and enterectomies from January 2016-March 2017. Cohorts included simple (SIM) and complex carbohydrate (COM) groups. Statistical analysis was performed with linear and logarithmic regression.

Results: 83 patients were included (42 SIM, 41 COM). SIM group was older (61.7 vs 52.7 p = 0.012) Glycemic variability was less in the COM group (7.6% vs 21.4% P = 0.034). The frequency of hyperglycemia, postoperative complications, and length of stay trended higher in the SIM group.

Conclusions: This retrospective analysis identifies significant improvement in the perioperative glycemic variability with preoperative low dose complex carbohydrate loading compared to simple carbohydrate loading in colorectal surgery patients.

Keywords: Carbohydrate loading; Colorectal surgery; Enhanced recovery program; Perioperative glycemic control.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Beverages
  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Citrulline / therapeutic use*
  • Colectomy
  • Diet, Carbohydrate Loading / methods*
  • Elective Surgical Procedures
  • Electrolytes / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / blood
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Hyperglycemia / etiology
  • Hyperglycemia / prevention & control*
  • Linear Models
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Polysaccharides / therapeutic use*
  • Postoperative Complications / blood
  • Postoperative Complications / diagnosis
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control*
  • Preoperative Care / methods*
  • Proctectomy
  • Quality Improvement
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Electrolytes
  • Polysaccharides
  • Citrulline
  • maltodextrin