Sepsis and Septic Shock Strategies

Surg Clin North Am. 2017 Dec;97(6):1339-1379. doi: 10.1016/j.suc.2017.07.003. Epub 2017 Oct 5.

Abstract

Three therapeutic principles most substantially improve organ dysfunction and survival in sepsis: early, appropriate antimicrobial therapy; restoration of adequate cellular perfusion; timely source control. The new definitions of sepsis and septic shock reflect the inadequate sensitivity, specify, and lack of prognostication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria. Sequential (sepsis-related) organ failure assessment more effectively prognosticates in sepsis and critical illness. Inadequate cellular perfusion accelerates injury and reestablishing perfusion limits injury. Multiple organ systems are affected by sepsis and septic shock and an evidence-based multipronged approach to systems-based therapy in critical illness results in improve outcomes.

Keywords: Critical care; Goal-directed therapy; Resuscitation; Sepsis; Septic shock.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Arterial Pressure / physiology
  • Cardiomyopathies / microbiology
  • Cardiomyopathies / therapy
  • Central Venous Pressure / physiology
  • Critical Care / methods
  • Delirium / microbiology
  • Delirium / therapy
  • Hemoglobins / analysis
  • Humans
  • Lactic Acid / metabolism
  • Oxygen / blood
  • Patient Care Planning
  • Prognosis
  • Resuscitation / methods
  • Sepsis / diagnosis
  • Sepsis / physiopathology
  • Sepsis / therapy*
  • Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy / therapy
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Shock, Septic / diagnosis
  • Shock, Septic / physiopathology
  • Shock, Septic / therapy
  • Vasodilator Agents / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Hemoglobins
  • Vasodilator Agents
  • Lactic Acid
  • Oxygen