RNA G-Quadruplexes in Kirsten Ras (KRAS) Oncogene as Targets for Small Molecules Inhibiting Translation

J Med Chem. 2017 Dec 14;60(23):9448-9461. doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b00622. Epub 2017 Dec 1.

Abstract

The human KRAS transcript contains a G-rich 5'-UTR sequence (77% GC) harboring several G4 motifs capable to form stable RNA G-quadruplex (RG4) structures that can serve as targets for small molecules. A biotin-streptavidin pull-down assay showed that 4,11-bis(2-aminoethylamino)anthra[2,3-b]furan-5,10-dione (2a) binds to RG4s in the KRAS transcript under low-abundance cellular conditions. Dual-luciferase assays demonstrated that 2a and its analogue 4,11-bis(2-aminoethylamino)anthra[2,3-b]thiophene-5,10-dione (2b) repress translation in a dose-dependent manner. The effect of the G4-ligands on Panc-1 cancer cells has also been examined. Both 2a and 2b efficiently penetrate the cells, suppressing protein p21KRAS to <10% of the control. The KRAS down-regulation induces apoptosis together with a dramatic reduction of cell growth and colony formation. In summary, we report a strategy to suppress the KRAS oncogene in pancreatic cancer cells by means of small molecules binding to RG4s in the 5'-UTR of mRNA.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • 5' Untranslated Regions / drug effects*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Drug Discovery
  • G-Quadruplexes / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Pancreatic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Protein Biosynthesis / drug effects*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / chemistry*
  • Small Molecule Libraries / pharmacology*
  • Thiophenes / chemistry
  • Thiophenes / pharmacology

Substances

  • 5' Untranslated Regions
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • KRAS protein, human
  • Small Molecule Libraries
  • Thiophenes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)