Vitamins and Minerals in Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gastroenterol Clin North Am. 2017 Dec;46(4):797-808. doi: 10.1016/j.gtc.2017.08.011. Epub 2017 Oct 3.

Abstract

Indiscriminate use of multivitamin/mineral supplements in the general population may be misguided, but patients with chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) should be monitored and compensated for nutritional deficiencies. Mechanistic links between vitamin/mineral deficiencies and IBD pathology has been found for some micronutrients and normalizing their levels is clinically beneficial. Others, like vitamin A, although instinctively desirable, produced disappointing results. Restoring normal levels of the selected micronutrients requires elevated doses to compensate for defects in absorptive or signaling mechanisms. This article describes some aspects of vitamin and mineral deficiencies in IBD, and summarizes pros and cons of supplementation.

Keywords: Crohn disease; Deficiency; Diet; Nutrition; Supplementation; Ulcerative colitis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / complications
  • Animals
  • Avitaminosis / complications*
  • Avitaminosis / drug therapy*
  • Biotin / therapeutic use
  • Calcium / therapeutic use
  • Cholecalciferol / therapeutic use
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Folic Acid / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / complications*
  • Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / drug therapy
  • Iron / therapeutic use*
  • Thiamine / therapeutic use
  • Vitamin A / therapeutic use
  • Vitamin B 12 / therapeutic use
  • Vitamin B 6 / therapeutic use
  • Vitamin K / therapeutic use
  • Vitamins / therapeutic use*
  • Zinc / deficiency
  • Zinc / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Vitamins
  • Vitamin A
  • Vitamin K
  • Cholecalciferol
  • Biotin
  • Vitamin B 6
  • Folic Acid
  • Iron
  • Zinc
  • Vitamin B 12
  • Calcium
  • Thiamine