Resveratrol and Montelukast Alleviate Paraquat-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice: Modulation of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Apoptosis

Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2017:2017:9396425. doi: 10.1155/2017/9396425. Epub 2017 Oct 22.

Abstract

Paraquat (PQ) is one of the most used herbicide worldwide. Its cytotoxicity is attributed to reactive radical generation. Resveratrol (Res) and montelukast (MK) have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The protective effects of Res, MK, or their combination against PQ-induced acute liver injury have not been investigated before. Therefore, we explored the protective potential of Res and/or MK against PQ hepatic toxicity in a mouse model. Mice were randomly assigned to five groups: group I served as the normal control and group II received a single dose of PQ (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Groups III, IV, and V received PQ plus oral Res (5 mg/kg/day), MK (10 mg/kg/day), and Res/MK combination, respectively. Res and/or MK reduced PQ-induced liver injury, evidenced by normalization of serum total protein, ALT, and AST. Res and/or MK significantly reversed PQ-induced oxidative stress markers glutathione and malondialdehyde. Res and/or MK significantly reduced PQ-induced inflammation reflected in TNF-α levels. Furthermore, Res and/or MK reversed PQ-induced apoptosis assessed by differential expression of p53, Bax, and Bcl-2. Histopathologic examination supported the biochemical findings. Although Res and MK displayed antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities, their combination was not always synergistic.

MeSH terms

  • Acetates / pharmacology*
  • Acetates / therapeutic use
  • Acute Lung Injury / chemically induced*
  • Acute Lung Injury / drug therapy
  • Acute Lung Injury / pathology
  • Alanine Transaminase / blood
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases / blood
  • Cyclopropanes
  • Glutathione / metabolism
  • Inflammation / prevention & control
  • Liver / drug effects
  • Liver / metabolism
  • Liver / pathology
  • Male
  • Malondialdehyde / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Paraquat / toxicity*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / metabolism
  • Quinolines / pharmacology*
  • Quinolines / therapeutic use
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Resveratrol
  • Stilbenes / pharmacology*
  • Stilbenes / therapeutic use
  • Sulfides
  • Superoxide Dismutase / metabolism
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / genetics
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Acetates
  • Cyclopropanes
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
  • Quinolines
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Stilbenes
  • Sulfides
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • bcl-2-Associated X Protein
  • Malondialdehyde
  • Superoxide Dismutase
  • Aspartate Aminotransferases
  • Alanine Transaminase
  • Glutathione
  • montelukast
  • Paraquat
  • Resveratrol