Characterization of a Novel Bat Adenovirus Isolated from Straw-Colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum)

Hirohito Ogawa; Masahiro Kajihara; Naganori Nao; Asako Shigeno; Daisuke Fujikura; Bernard M Hang'ombe; Aaron S Mweene; Alisheke Mutemwa; David Squarre; Masao Yamada; Hideaki Higashi; Hirofumi Sawa; Ayato Takada

doi:10.3390/v9120371

Characterization of a Novel Bat Adenovirus Isolated from Straw-Colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon helvum)

Viruses. 2017 Dec 4;9(12):371. doi: 10.3390/v9120371.

Authors

Hirohito Ogawa^{1

2}, Masahiro Kajihara³, Naganori Nao⁴, Asako Shigeno⁵, Daisuke Fujikura⁶, Bernard M Hang'ombe⁷, Aaron S Mweene⁸, Alisheke Mutemwa⁹, David Squarre¹⁰, Masao Yamada¹¹, Hideaki Higashi^{12

13

14

15}, Hirofumi Sawa^{16

17

18

19}, Ayato Takada^{20

21

22}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. [email protected].
² Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
³ Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
⁴ Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
⁵ Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
⁶ Division of Infection and Immunity, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
⁷ Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
⁸ Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
⁹ Provincial Veterinary Office, Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, P.O. Box 70416, Ndola 50100, Zambia. [email protected].
¹⁰ Department of National Parks and Wildlife, Ministry of Tourism and Arts, Private Bag 1, Chilanga 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
¹¹ Department of Virology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8558, Japan. [email protected].
¹² Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
¹³ Division of Infection and Immunity, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
¹⁴ Hokudai Center for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
¹⁵ Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
¹⁶ Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
¹⁷ Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
¹⁸ Division of Molecular Pathobiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
¹⁹ Global Virus Network, 801 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. [email protected].
²⁰ Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, P.O. Box 32379, Lusaka 10101, Zambia. [email protected].
²¹ Division of Global Epidemiology, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].
²² Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, N20, W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan. [email protected].

Abstract

Bats are important reservoirs for emerging zoonotic viruses. For extensive surveys of potential pathogens in straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum) in Zambia, a total of 107 spleen samples of E. helvum in 2006 were inoculated onto Vero E6 cells. The cell culture inoculated with one of the samples (ZFB06-106) exhibited remarkable cytopathic changes. Based on the ultrastructural property in negative staining and cross-reactivity in immunofluorescence assays, the virus was suspected to be an adenovirus, and tentatively named E. helvum adenovirus 06-106 (EhAdV 06-106). Analysis of the full-length genome of 30,134 bp, determined by next-generation sequencing, showed the presence of 28 open reading frames. Phylogenetic analyses confirmed that EhAdV 06-106 represented a novel bat adenovirus species in the genus Mastadenovirus. The virus shared similar characteristics of low G + C contents with recently isolated members of species Bat mastadenoviruses E, F and G, from which EhAdV 06-106 diverged by more than 15% based on the distance matrix analysis of DNA polymerase amino acid sequences. According to the taxonomic criteria, we propose the tentative new species name "Bat mastadenovirus H". Because EhAdV 06-106 exhibited a wide in vitro cell tropism, the virus might have a potential risk as an emerging virus through cross-species transmission.

Keywords: Eidolon helvum; Zambia; adenovirus; bat.

MeSH terms

Animals
Base Composition
Chiroptera / virology*
Chlorocebus aethiops
Cytopathogenic Effect, Viral
DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / genetics
Genome, Viral
Mastadenovirus / classification*
Mastadenovirus / isolation & purification*
Microscopy, Electron
Open Reading Frames
Phylogeny
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Sequence Homology
Serotyping
Spleen / virology
Vero Cells
Virus Cultivation
Whole Genome Sequencing
Zambia

Substances

DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase