RETINOBLASTOMA IN INDIA: Clinical Presentation and Outcome in 1,457 Patients (2,074 Eyes)

Retina. 2019 Feb;39(2):379-391. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0000000000001962.

Abstract

Purpose: To study the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcome of patients with retinoblastoma (RB) in India.

Methods: Retrospective study of 1,457 patients with RB (2,074 eyes).

Results: The mean age at presentation of RB was 29 months (median, 24 months; range, <1-370 months). There were 812 (56%) men and 645 (44%) women with unilateral presentation of RB in 57% (n = 834) and bilateral in 43% (n = 623). Familial RB was present in 4% (n = 55). The most common presenting complaints included leukocoria (n = 1,100; 75%), proptosis (n = 91; 6%), strabismus (n = 77; 5%), and red eye (n = 68; 5%). Most (n = 1,889; 91%) tumors were intraocular in location, and 185 (n = 185; 9%) had extraocular tumor extension at presentation. The most common modalities of primary treatment-included systemic chemotherapy (n = 1,171; 60%) and enucleation (n = 674; 35%). At a mean follow-up period of 44 months (median, 30 months; range, 3-234 months), 92% (n = 1,206) were alive, and 108 (8%) patients died because of RB. Based on Kaplan-Meier analysis, the survival at 1, 3, 5, and 10 years was 94%, 91%, 90%, and 89%, respectively.

Conclusion: The most common presenting signs of RB in Asian Indian population are leukocoria and proptosis. With appropriate treatment, the survival rate is favorable at 92%.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological*
  • Eye Enucleation / methods*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • India / epidemiology
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Retinal Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Retinal Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Retinal Neoplasms / therapy
  • Retinoblastoma / diagnosis
  • Retinoblastoma / epidemiology*
  • Retinoblastoma / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate / trends
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents