Screening for spontaneous preterm birth and resultant therapies to reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality: A review

Semin Fetal Neonatal Med. 2018 Apr;23(2):126-132. doi: 10.1016/j.siny.2017.11.007. Epub 2017 Dec 9.

Abstract

Despite considerable effort aimed at decreasing the incidence of spontaneous preterm birth, it remains the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Screening strategies are imperfect. Approaches used to identify women considered by historical factors to be low risk for preterm delivery (generally considered to be women with singleton pregnancies without a history of a previous preterm birth) as well as those at high risk for preterm birth (those with a previous preterm birth, short cervix, or multiple gestation) continue to evolve. Herein, we review the current evidence and approaches to screening women for preterm birth, and examine future directions for clinical practice. Further research is necessary to better identify at-risk women and provide evidence-based management.

Keywords: Cervical length measurement; Clinical prediction; Perinatal morbidity; Premature birth.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / blood
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Biomedical Research / methods
  • Biomedical Research / trends
  • Cervical Length Measurement
  • Combined Modality Therapy / trends
  • Early Diagnosis
  • Evidence-Based Medicine*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant Mortality
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Male
  • Obstetric Labor, Premature / diagnosis*
  • Obstetric Labor, Premature / epidemiology
  • Obstetric Labor, Premature / metabolism
  • Obstetric Labor, Premature / therapy
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Pregnancy
  • Premature Birth / diagnosis*
  • Premature Birth / epidemiology
  • Premature Birth / metabolism
  • Premature Birth / therapy
  • Prenatal Diagnosis / methods*
  • Prenatal Diagnosis / trends
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Biomarkers