Objective: To analyze the rate of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension among women at reproductive age (18-49 years old) in China in 2013. Methods: The analysis used data obtained from the China Chronic and non-communicable disease surveillance in 2013.The surveillance included 176 534 adults aging ≥18 years old, who were selected from 302 surveillance points by multi-stage cluster random sampling method. A total of 46 674 women at reproductive age (18-49 years old) were investigated. Blood pressures were measured by electronic blood pressure monitor. After being weighted according to complex sampling scheme and post-stratification, the rate of prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were compared by different characteristics such as age, education, urban and rural areas, and geographic locations. Results: The prevalence of hypertension among women at reproductive age (18-49 years old) in China in 2013 was 13.5%. The rate in the rural areas was higher than that in urban areas (χ(2)=46.23, P<0.05), which were 14.5% and 12.3%, respectively. The prevalence in eastern, central and western geographic locations were separately 13.9%, 13.2% and 13.1%, there was no statistical difference (χ(2)=0.56, P>0.05). The hypertension prevalence in all age groups (18-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49 years old) were 6.6%, 9.2%, 9.6%, 12.0%, 17.9% and 28.3%, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension showed a rising trend with age increasing (t=12.32, P<0.05). The awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were separately 25.8%, 22.7% and 7.4% in women at reproductive age (18-49 years old), which were 31.6%, 28.2% and 9.4%, respectively in urban areas; and 21.3%, 18.5% and 5.9%, respectively in rural areas. The rates in urban areas were all higher than those in rural areas (chi square were separately 18.98, 21.31, and 6.80, P values <0.05). The treatment rate of hypertension was 86.8% among who had been aware of hypertension, and the treatment rate of hypertension was 31.8% among who received control of hypertension. The treatment rate among who had been aware of hypertension in eastern, central and western locations were 89.3%, 88.3% and 79.5%, respectively. The control rates in eastern, central and western locations were 8.5%, 8.1% and 4.7%, respectively. The treatment rate among who had been aware of hypertension and control rate in the eastern and central geographic locations was higher than that in western locations (chi square were separately 10.05 and 7.25, P values <0.05). Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension in women at reproductive age (18-49 years old) was comparatively high, and the rates of awareness, treatment and control were low. The differences showed statistical significance between urban and rural areas.
目的: 分析2013年中国18~49岁育龄妇女的高血压患病水平及知晓、治疗和控制情况。 方法: 2013年在中国302个监测点,采用多阶段分层整群随机的抽样方法选取18岁及以上居民共计176 534名,共计调查18~49岁女性46 674名。采用电子血压计进行血压测量。对结果进行复杂加权后,比较不同特征育龄妇女的高血压患病及知晓、治疗和控制率。 结果: 经复杂加权后,中国18~49岁育龄妇女高血压患病率为13.5%,其中城市为12.3%,农村为14.5%,农村高于城市(χ(2)=46.23,P<0.05);东、中、西部地区分别为13.9%、13.2%和13.1%,差异无统计学意义(χ(2)=0.56,P>0.05)。18~24、25~29、30~34、35~39、40~44及45~49岁育龄妇女高血压患病率分别为6.6%、9.2%、9.6%、12.0%、17.9%、28.3%,育龄妇女高血压患病率呈现随着年龄升高而升高的趋势(t=12.32,P<0.05)。18~49岁育龄妇女高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率分别为25.8%、22.7%和7.4%,其中城市分别为31.6%、28.2%和9.4%,农村分别为21.3%、18.5%和5.9%,城市均高于农村(χ(2)值分别为18.98、21.31和6.80,P值均<0.05)。18~49岁育龄妇女高血压知晓治疗率为86.8%,治疗控制率为31.8%。东、中、西部地区高血压知晓治疗率分别为89.3%、88.3%、79.5%,控制率分别为8.5%、8.1%、4.7%,东中部地区高血压知晓治疗率和控制率均高于西部地区(χ(2)值分别为10.05和7.25,P值均<0.05)。 结论: 中国18~49岁育龄妇女高血压患病率较高,患病人数众多,而知晓率、治疗率和控制率均处于较低水平,具有明显的城乡、年龄差异。.
Keywords: Awareness rate; Hypertension; Prevalence; Treatment rate; Women.