Structure-Based Design of Selective Noncovalent CDK12 Inhibitors

ChemMedChem. 2018 Feb 6;13(3):231-235. doi: 10.1002/cmdc.201700695. Epub 2018 Jan 26.

Abstract

Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 12 knockdown via siRNA decreases the transcription of DNA-damage-response genes and sensitizes BRCA wild-type cells to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. To recapitulate this effect with a small molecule, we sought a potent, selective CDK12 inhibitor. Crystal structures and modeling informed hybridization between dinaciclib and SR-3029, resulting in lead compound 5 [(S)-2-(1-(6-(((6,7-difluoro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amino)-9-ethyl-9H-purin-2-yl)piperidin-2-yl)ethan-1-ol]. Further structure-guided optimization delivered a series of selective CDK12 inhibitors, including compound 7 [(S)-2-(1-(6-(((6,7-difluoro-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)methyl)amino)-9-isopropyl-9H-purin-2-yl)piperidin-2-yl)ethan-1-ol]. Profiling of this compound across CDK9, 7, 2, and 1 at high ATP concentration, single-point kinase panel screening against 352 targets at 0.1 μm, and proteomics via kinase affinity matrix technology demonstrated the selectivity. This series of compounds inhibits phosphorylation of Ser2 on the C-terminal repeat domain of RNA polymerase II, consistent with CDK12 inhibition. These selective compounds were also acutely toxic to OV90 as well as THP1 cells.

Keywords: CDK; kinases; oncology; selectivity; transcription.

MeSH terms

  • Benzimidazoles / chemistry*
  • Benzimidazoles / pharmacology
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / chemistry*
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / pharmacology
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Crystallization
  • Cyclic N-Oxides
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Drug Design
  • Humans
  • Indolizines
  • Kinetics
  • Phosphorylation
  • Piperidines / chemical synthesis*
  • Piperidines / pharmacology
  • Protein Binding
  • Purines / chemistry*
  • Purines / pharmacology
  • Pyridinium Compounds / chemistry*
  • Pyridinium Compounds / pharmacology
  • RNA Polymerase II / metabolism
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Structure-Activity Relationship

Substances

  • Benzimidazoles
  • Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic
  • Cyclic N-Oxides
  • Indolizines
  • Piperidines
  • Purines
  • Pyridinium Compounds
  • SR-3029
  • dinaciclib
  • CDK12 protein, human
  • CDK9 protein, human
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 9
  • Cyclin-Dependent Kinases
  • RNA Polymerase II