Nerve-sparing radical cystectomy has a beneficial impact on urinary continence after orthotopic bladder substitution, which becomes even more apparent over time

BJU Int. 2018 Jun;121(6):935-944. doi: 10.1111/bju.14123. Epub 2018 Feb 4.

Abstract

Objective: To analyse urinary continence in long-term survivors after radical cystectomy (RC) and orthotopic bladder substitution (OBS) according to attempted nerve-sparing (NS) status.

Patients and methods: We analysed 180 consecutive patients treated at our department between 1985 and 2007, who underwent RC with OBS, and survived ≥10 years after RC. We stratified patients by attempted NS status and evaluated continence outcomes using descriptive statistics and Cox proportional hazards regression models. A secondary analysis evaluated erectile function as a quality control for attempted NS.

Results: The median (interquartile range [IQR]) age at RC was 62 (57-71) years. Of 180 patients, attempted NS status was none in 24 (13%), unilateral in 100 (56%), and bilateral in 56 (31%). After a median (IQR) follow-up of 169 (147-210) months, 160 (89%) patients were continent during daytime and 124 (69%) during night-time. In multivariable analysis, any degree of attempted NS was significantly associated with daytime continence (odds ratio [OR] 2.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-4.11; P = 0.04). Correspondingly, any attempted NS was significantly associated with night-time continence (OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.08-5.85; P = 0.03). Recovery of erectile function at 5 years was also significantly associated with attempted NS (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Nerve-sparing during RC and OBS was associated with better long-term continence outcomes. This becomes more apparent as the patients age with their OBS. We advocate a NS RC whenever an OBS is considered.

Keywords: cystectomy; nerve sparing; orthotopic bladder substitute; urinary continence.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cystectomy / methods*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Organ Sparing Treatments / methods*
  • Penile Erection / physiology
  • Postoperative Care / methods
  • Trauma, Nervous System / prevention & control*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / physiopathology
  • Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Urinary Incontinence / physiopathology
  • Urinary Incontinence / surgery*
  • Urinary Reservoirs, Continent*
  • Urination / physiology