Objective: This study aims to investigate the characteristics and general rules of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in a 3A-grade stomatology hospital for safe and rational drug use in clinical stomatology.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 52 ADR cases (1∶1.36, males∶females) reported in the West China Hospital of Stomatology of Sichuan University from 2014 to 2016 in terms of gender and age distributions, drug categories, and clinical manifestations.
Results: Eight kinds of drugs and antibiotics were predominately used [24 cases, 46.15% (24/52)], followed by nutrition drugs and antitumor drugs. Cephalosporin was the leading antibiotic drug associated with ADR [20 cases, 83.33% (20/24)]. Intravenous infusion was the most common route of drug administration [49 cases, 94.23% (49/52)]. The most common manifestations of the ADR were damages of the skin and its appendages and lesions of the digestive and nervous systems.
Conclusions: Strengthening the ADR monitoring system and further management should be implemented to alleviate ADR in stomatology hospitals.
目的 了解口腔专科医院药品不良反应上报情况以及药品不良反应发生的特点和规律，为口腔临床安全用药提供参考。方法 对四川大学华西口腔医院2014—2016年上报的52例药品不良反应报告进行分析，分别按患者性别、年龄，药品不良反应相关的药品种类、临床表现等进行回顾性统计。结果 报告的52例药品不良反应中，男性和女性比例为1∶1.36；发生的药品不良反应共涉及8类，其中抗菌药物相关药品不良反应的比例最高[24例，占46.15%（24/52）]，其次为营养药物和抗肿瘤用药；头孢菌素类是药品不良反应相关的主要抗菌药物[20例，占83.33%（20/24）]。相比于其他给药途径，静脉滴注更易发生药品不良反应[49例，占94.23%（49/52）]。药品不良反应的临床表现以皮疹、瘙痒等皮肤及其附件损害为主，其次为消化系统以及心血管系统损害。结论 口腔专科医院应不断加强药品不良反应监测意识，完善相关报告分析制度。.
Keywords: adverse drug reaction; analysis; monitoring; stomatology hospital.