The need for further surgical intervention following primary hysteroscopic morcellation of submucosal leiomyomas in women with abnormal uterine bleeding

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 2018 Oct;58(5):570-575. doi: 10.1111/ajo.12781. Epub 2018 Jan 22.

Abstract

Background: Intrauterine hysteroscopic morcellators have been studied as an alternative method for removing submucosal leiomyomas.

Aims: To assess the long-term efficacy of hysteroscopic morcellation of submucosal leiomyomas in women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB).

Materials and methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study including all women with AUB who underwent a hysteroscopic resection with mechanical morcellation of a benign submucosal leiomyoma confirmed at histopathology. Need for further surgery, patient satisfaction, symptom resolution and post-operative complications were documented by direct patient contact after a minimum of six months of follow-up.

Results: A total of 73 women were included in the study with a mean length of follow-up of 32 ± 13 months. Mean total size of pathology at the time of index surgery was of 42 ± 20 mm. A total of 9/73 (12%) women required subsequent hysterectomy and 20/73 (27%) any subsequent related surgery (operative hysteroscopy, abdominal myomectomy or hysterectomy) with the estimated three-year cumulative incidence being 30 ± 6%. Satisfaction rate of participants was 84%. In multivariate Cox proportional analyses, only a total size of pathology of 50 mm or more was found to be significantly associated with the risk of requiring further surgical procedures (hazard ratio = 2.9, P = 0.02).

Conclusions: Hysteroscopic morcellation of submucosal leiomyomas is an effective method to manage women with AUB, although women with larger pathology have an increased risk of requiring subsequent surgical procedures.

Keywords: abnormal uterine bleeding; hysteroscopic morcellation; hysteroscopy; leiomyomas.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy
  • Hysteroscopy* / adverse effects
  • Leiomyoma / complications
  • Leiomyoma / pathology
  • Leiomyoma / surgery*
  • Middle Aged
  • Morcellation* / adverse effects
  • Mucous Membrane
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Prospective Studies
  • Reoperation*
  • Tumor Burden
  • Uterine Hemorrhage / etiology
  • Uterine Neoplasms / complications
  • Uterine Neoplasms / pathology
  • Uterine Neoplasms / surgery*