Super-Absorbent Polymer Valves and Colorimetric Chemistries for Time-Sequenced Discrete Sampling and Chloride Analysis of Sweat via Skin-Mounted Soft Microfluidics

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, and Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
• ² Center for Bio-Integrated Elecctronics at the Simpson Querry Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ³ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ⁴ Materials Sciences Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1195, Japan.
• ⁵ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ⁶ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ⁷ 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Human-Centered ISR Division, Human Signatures Branch Air Force Research Laboratories WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA.
• ⁸ Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
• ⁹ Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA.
• ¹⁰ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, 32816, USA.
• ¹¹ Contractor for The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Human-Centered ISR Division, Human Signatures Branch Air Force Research Laboratories WPAFB, OH, 45433, USA.
• ¹² Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH, 45433, USA.
• ¹³ Center for Bio-Integrated Electronics, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ¹⁴ Department of Dermatology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA.
• ¹⁵ Department of Electronics Convergence Engineering, Kwangwoon University, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea.
• ¹⁶ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
• ¹⁷ Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
• ¹⁸ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ¹⁹ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ²⁰ Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ²¹ Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ²² Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
• ²³ Simpson Querrey Institute for Nano/Biotechnology, McCormick School of Engineering and Feinberg, School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.