Abstract
Neonatal thyrotoxicosis (hyperthyroidism) is less prevalent than congenital hypothyroidism; however, it can lead to significant morbidity and mortality if not promptly recognized and adequately treated. Most cases are transient, secondary to maternal autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves disease [GD]). This article summarizes recommendations for screening and management of hyperthyroidism in both the fetal and neonatal periods, with a focus on neonatal thyrotoxicosis secondary to maternal GD. Early monitoring and treatment are crucial for optimizing short-term and long-term patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Fetal; Graves disease; Hyperthyroidism; Neonatal; Thyrotoxicosis.
Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Review
MeSH terms
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
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Antithyroid Agents / therapeutic use
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Female
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Fetal Diseases / etiology
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Fetal Diseases / metabolism*
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Graves Disease / complications
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Graves Disease / drug therapy
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Graves Disease / metabolism*
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Humans
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Hyperthyroidism / drug therapy
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Hyperthyroidism / metabolism*
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Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating / metabolism
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Infant, Newborn
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Infant, Newborn, Diseases / drug therapy
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Infant, Newborn, Diseases / etiology
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Infant, Newborn, Diseases / metabolism*
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Maternal-Fetal Exchange
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Methimazole / therapeutic use
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Pregnancy
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Pregnancy Complications / metabolism*
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Propranolol / therapeutic use
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Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / complications
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Thyrotoxicosis / drug therapy
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Thyrotoxicosis / etiology
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Thyrotoxicosis / metabolism*
Substances
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Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
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Antithyroid Agents
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Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating
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thyrotropin-binding inhibitory immunoglobulin
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Methimazole
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Propranolol