Inhaled Corticosteroids Safety and Adverse Effects in Patients with Asthma

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract. 2018 May-Jun;6(3):776-781. doi: 10.1016/j.jaip.2018.01.025. Epub 2018 Feb 3.

Abstract

Asthma is a common inflammatory airway disease for which the most commonly used controller medications are inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). Asthma control is difficult to achieve in individuals with severe asthma, which comprise 5% to 10% of individuals with asthma, even with high doses of ICS and other anti-inflammatory drugs. In this clinical context, the adverse effects of ICS (including hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression, reduction in growth velocity, osteoporosis, diabetes, and respiratory infections) become more probable and impacting on the quality of life of severe asthmatics. We here summarize the evidence of ICS-related adverse effects, particularly in patients with asthma. The possibility of using biologic agents earlier for severe asthma has the potential to prevent or reduce the occurrence of corticosteroid-related adverse effects, and also reduce corticosteroid-related costs.

Keywords: Asthma; Biologics; Inhaled corticosteroids; Safety; Side effects.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Inhalation
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / adverse effects*
  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones / pharmacokinetics
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Asthma / drug therapy*
  • Asthma / metabolism
  • Biological Availability
  • Diabetes Mellitus / chemically induced
  • Eye Diseases / chemically induced
  • Growth Disorders / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / drug effects
  • Osteoporosis / chemically induced
  • Respiratory Tract Infections / etiology

Substances

  • Adrenal Cortex Hormones
  • Anti-Asthmatic Agents