Metabolic risk factors in Korean adolescents with severe obesity: Results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (K-NHANES) 2007-2014

Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2018 Apr:138:169-176. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2018.01.030. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

Abstract

Aims: To investigate the metabolic risk factors according to the degree of obesity in Korean adolescents.

Methods: Among 7197 subjects aged 10-18 years who participated in the 2007-2014 K-NHANES, 1326 adolescents (M = 744, F = 582) with age and sex specific body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile were included. These adolescents with obesity were classified as: overweight, obesity, severe obesity, and extreme severe obesity. For assessing central obesity, the subjects were further-classified as: normal waist obese, abdominal obesity I, abdominal obesity II and abdominal obesity III.

Results: The prevalence of overweight, obesity, severe obesity and extreme severe obesity were 5.6%, 6.2%, 5.9% and 0.9% in Korean adolescents. With increasing levels of obese category, the incidence of metabolic risk factors such as HDL-C < 40 mg/dL or <50 mg/dL in girls older than 16 years-old (20.2%, 18.5%, 34.4%, 43.6%, P < .0001), TG ≥ 150 mg/dL (15.3%, 16.7%, 26.5%, 30.9%, P < .003), HbA1C ≥ 5.8% (12.8%, 13.5%, 21.9%, 42.2%, P < .006), SBP ≥ 130 mg/dL (3.5%, 6.4%, 8.1%, 19.5%, P < .003) significantly increased. With increasing levels of central obese category, the incidence of metabolic risk factors such as HDL-C < 40 mg/dL or <50 mg/dL in girls older than 16 years-old (20.2%, 26.2%, 37.9%, 35.7%, P < .0007), TG ≥ 150 mg/dL (16.1%, 21.2%, 25.8%, 29.8%, P < .004), glucose ≥ 100 mg/dL (7.7%, 7.3%, 11.7%, 17.4%, P < .009) and SBP ≥ 130 mg/dL (5.1%, 7.1%, 3.0%, 13.9%, P < .002) significantly increased.

Conclusion: Adolescents with severe obesity have more metabolic risk factors compared to adolescents with less severe degree of obesity.

Keywords: Adolescents; Morbidity; Severe obesity.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Body Mass Index
  • Child
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Metabolic Syndrome / etiology*
  • Nutrition Surveys
  • Obesity, Abdominal / complications
  • Obesity, Abdominal / epidemiology
  • Obesity, Morbid / complications*
  • Obesity, Morbid / epidemiology*
  • Overweight / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / complications*
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Prevalence
  • Republic of Korea / epidemiology
  • Risk Factors