Relationship between serum adipsin and the first phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in individuals with different glucose tolerance

J Diabetes Investig. 2018 Sep;9(5):1128-1134. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12819. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Abstract

Aims/introduction: To detect serum adipsin levels in individuals with different glucose tolerance, and investigate the relationship between adipsisn and the first phase of insulin secretion.

Materials and methods: A total of 56 patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus, 36 patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 45 individuals with normal glucose tolerance were enrolled. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests were carried out to evaluate pancreatic β-cell function. The serum levels of adipsin, interleukin-1β and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were assayed.

Results: Serum adipsin levels were significantly lower in the type 2 diabetes mellitus and the IGT patients than those in the normal glucose tolerance group (P < 0.05). The acute insulin response and area under the curve showed a progressive decrease in the normal glucose tolerance and IGT groups, and decreased to the lowest levels in the type 2 diabetes mellitus group (P < 0.05). Adipsin was found to be negatively correlated with waist-to-hip ratio, free fatty acid, fasting plasma glucose, 2-h postprandial plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, interleukin-1β and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001), and positively correlated with homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the area under the curve of the first phase insulin secretion and acute insulin response (P < 0.05 or P < 0.001). Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that homeostasis model assessment for β-cell function and acute insulin response were independently related to adipsin (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Serum adipsin levels were lower in type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGT patients, and correlated with the first phase of insulin secretion. Adipsin might be involved in the pathology of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Keywords: Adipsin; First phase of insulin secretion; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Biomarkers / analysis
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Complement Factor D / analysis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / metabolism
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / physiopathology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glucose / administration & dosage*
  • Glucose Intolerance / drug therapy
  • Glucose Intolerance / metabolism
  • Glucose Intolerance / physiopathology*
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Humans
  • Insulin Secretion*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / drug effects
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism*
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prognosis

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • CFD protein, human
  • Complement Factor D
  • Glucose