Relationship between Blood Glucose Fluctuation and Brain Damage in the Hypoglycemia Neonates

Am J Perinatol. 2018 Aug;35(10):946-950. doi: 10.1055/s-0038-1626706. Epub 2018 Feb 14.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relationship between blood glucose fluctuation and brain damage in the hypoglycemia neonates.

Study design: A retrospective study including all neonates hospitalized due to hypoglycemia from September 2013 to August 2016 was performed. All the 58 hypoglycemia infants were divided into two groups-the brain-damaged group and the nonbrain-damaged group, according to head magnetic resonance imaging and/or amplitude-integrated electroencephalogram. Relationship between glucose variability and brain damage and whether these variation indexes could act as early indicators for hypoglycemic brain damage were investigated.

Results: Of the 13 brain-damaged cases, the lowest blood glucose (LBG) level was lower, while duration of hypoglycemia was longer compared with the 45 nonbrain-damaged cases (p < 0.001). The largest amplitude of glycemic excursions, standard deviation of blood glucose, and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) of the brain-damaged group were higher (p < 0.001). Under receiver-operating characteristic curve, values of area under the curve of MAGE were 0.892, duration of hypoglycemia was 0.921, and LBG was 0.109 (p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: Brain damage of the hypoglycemia neonates relates not only with LBG and duration of hypoglycemia but also with the blood glucose variation indexes; MAGE and duration of hypoglycemia could act as predictors for brain damage.

MeSH terms

  • Blood Glucose / analysis*
  • Brain Injuries / blood
  • Brain Injuries / etiology*
  • Brain Injuries / pathology*
  • Electroencephalography
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Hypoglycemia / blood
  • Hypoglycemia / complications*
  • Infant, Newborn / blood
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A