Identification of patients at high risk for post-discharge venous thromboembolism after hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery: which patients benefit from extended thromboprophylaxis?

HPB (Oxford). 2018 Jul;20(7):621-630. doi: 10.1016/j.hpb.2018.01.004. Epub 2018 Feb 19.

Abstract

Background: The objective of the current study was to define risk factors associated with the 30-day post-operative risk of VTE after HPB surgery and create a model to identify patients at highest risk of post-discharge VTE.

Methods: Patients who underwent hepatectomy or pancreatectomy in the ACS-NSQIP Participant Use Files 2011-2015 were identified. Logistic regression modeling was used; a model to predict post-discharge VTE was developed. Model discrimination was tested using area under the curve (AUC).

Results: Among 48,860 patients, the overall 30-day incidence of VTE after hepatectomy and pancreatectomy was 3.2% (n = 1580) with 1.1% (n = 543) of VTE events occurring after discharge. Patients who developed post-discharge VTE were more likely to be white, had a higher median BMI, have undergone pancreatic surgery, had longer median operative times, and to have had a transfusion. A weighted prediction model demonstrated good calibration and fair discrimination (AUC = 0.63). A score of ≥-4.50 had maximum sensitivity and specificity, resulting in 44% of patients being treating with prophylaxis for an overall VTE risk of 1.1%.

Conclusions: Utilizing independent factors associated with post-discharge VTE, a prediction model was able to stratify patients according to risk of VTE and may help identify patients who are most likely to benefit from pharmacoprophylaxis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Clinical Decision-Making
  • Databases, Factual
  • Decision Support Techniques*
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Female
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Fibrinolytic Agents / adverse effects
  • Hepatectomy / adverse effects*
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • North America / epidemiology
  • Pancreatectomy / adverse effects*
  • Patient Discharge*
  • Patient Selection
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Venous Thromboembolism / diagnostic imaging
  • Venous Thromboembolism / epidemiology
  • Venous Thromboembolism / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Fibrinolytic Agents