Impact of perioperative hyperglycemia in patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction

Head Neck. 2018 Jun;40(6):1196-1206. doi: 10.1002/hed.25097. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

Abstract

Background: The effects of perioperative hyperglycemia on complications and outcomes in microvascular reconstruction have not been reported in the literature.

Methods: A retrospective cohort of 203 patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction was generated. Perioperative glucose levels and clinical factors were tested for associations with complications using simple and multivariate analyses.

Results: Hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≥ 180 mg/dL) occurred in 91 patients (44.8%) perioperatively, and was associated with increased rates of surgical complications, medical complications, surgical site infections, fistulas, and wound dehiscence. On univariate analysis, a more strict definition of hyperglycemia (blood glucose ≥ 165 mg/dL) was significantly associated with greater rates of venous thrombosis, although this lost statistical significance on multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: Perioperative hyperglycemia occurs commonly in patients undergoing microvascular reconstruction and is associated with higher rates of complications, independent of a preexisting diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. Further research is needed to define the ideal glycemic target in this population.

Keywords: complications; free flap; head and neck cancer; hyperglycemia; microvascular reconstruction.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Blood Glucose
  • Female
  • Head and Neck Neoplasms / surgery*
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / complications*
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Microsurgery / adverse effects*
  • Middle Aged
  • Operative Time
  • Plastic Surgery Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Postoperative Complications / blood
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgical Flaps
  • Vascular Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Blood Glucose