Gender as an underestimated factor in mental health of medical students

Ann Anat. 2018 Jul:218:1-6. doi: 10.1016/j.aanat.2018.02.005. Epub 2018 Mar 15.

Abstract

Background: In Germany, currently two out of three medical students are female. Several studies corroborate that medical students show a significantly higher prevalence of stress-related mental disorders than the population in general.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate, if gender has an influence on the distribution of mental stress parameters and learning style among male and female medical students.

Methods: We investigated a total of 758 students of the medical faculty at the University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany, using standardized and validated psychological questionnaires on depressive symptoms (BDI-II), burnout (BOSS-II) and quality of life (SF-12). In addition, we screened the students for their learning styles according to Kolb.

Results: Out of 723 participants who declared their gender, 57.8% were female and 37.6% were male. Female students showed significantly higher values for depressiveness as well as for emotional and cognitive burnout, whereas the mental quality of life was significantly lower. A considerably higher percentage of male students with a converging or an accommodating learning style were found in comparison to their female fellows.

Conclusions: We postulate that an adaptation of the medical curriculum content to the investigated factors may contribute to a higher mental stability and less stress-related symptoms in medical students.

Keywords: Burnout; Depression; Gender; Learning style; Medical students; Quality of life.

MeSH terms

  • Burnout, Professional / epidemiology
  • Burnout, Professional / psychology
  • Curriculum
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Depression / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Learning
  • Male
  • Mental Health*
  • Prevalence
  • Quality of Life
  • Sex Characteristics
  • Stress, Psychological / epidemiology
  • Stress, Psychological / psychology
  • Students, Medical / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult