Dupilumab for treatment of atopic dermatitis

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol. 2018 May;11(5):467-474. doi: 10.1080/17512433.2018.1449642. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

Abstract

Dupilumab is a new treatment option for patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis. It blocks IL-4/IL13-signaling and thereby inhibits receptor signaling downstream the JAK-STAT-pathway. Three of the main disease mechanisms of atopic dermatitis are affected by blocking this pathway; the decrease of skin barrier function, the class switch to IgE and the TH2-differentiation. Areas Covered: Dupilumab showed promising results in clinical trials of phase I-III. Clinical outcome parameters such as SCORAD, EASI, IGA and BSA improved with dupilumab. A positive effect on patient-reported outcomes like DLQI or pruritus-rating-scales was also demonstrated. The safety profile of dupilumab is superior to conventional immunosuppressive drugs, such as cyclosporine or methotrexate. Injection-site reactions and conjunctivitis were the most relevant side-effects. Skin infections were less frequently observed compared to placebo. Data on the use of dupilumab during pregnancy or in children are not published to date. Expert Commentary: Dupilumab was approved by the FDA in April 2017 for the treatment of adult patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis whose disease is not adequately controlled with topical prescription therapies or when those therapies are not advisable.

Keywords: Dupilumab; IL-13; IL-4; atopic dermatitis treatment; biologics; monoclonal antibody.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / pharmacology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / therapeutic use*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / drug therapy*
  • Dermatitis, Atopic / pathology
  • Dermatologic Agents / adverse effects
  • Dermatologic Agents / pharmacology
  • Dermatologic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Interleukin-13 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interleukin-4 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Pruritus / drug therapy
  • Pruritus / etiology
  • Severity of Illness Index

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
  • Dermatologic Agents
  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Interleukin-13
  • Interleukin-4
  • dupilumab