Chronic Pulmonary Aspiration in Children: Diagnosis and Management

Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care. 2018 Mar;48(3):74-81. doi: 10.1016/j.cppeds.2018.01.004.

Abstract

Chronic pulmonary aspiration (CPA) is a common cause of morbidity in children with complex aerodigestive disorders. CPA can be caused by swallowing dysfunction, anatomic, or dynamic abnormalities of the airways, and/or other circumstances that overcome the child's natural capacity to protect the airway. Diagnostic evaluation for suspected aspiration aims to characterize the swallowing function, identify the etiology of aspiration, including anatomic and/or dynamic abnormalities causing aspiration, and evaluate for the development of aspiration sequelae (e.g., bronchiectasis). CPA management approach should be guided by the recognized risk factors and co-morbidities, and directed to decrease the events of aspiration, improve clearance of aspirated material, and limit the development of aspiration sequelae (e.g., chronic inflammation and recurrent infections). This article presents a practical approach for the diagnosis and management of chronic pulmonary aspiration (CPA) in children.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Congenital Abnormalities / physiopathology*
  • Deglutition Disorders / etiology
  • Deglutition Disorders / physiopathology*
  • Deglutition Disorders / therapy
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / complications
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Practice Guidelines as Topic
  • Respiratory Aspiration / diagnosis
  • Respiratory Aspiration / etiology
  • Respiratory Aspiration / physiopathology*
  • Respiratory Aspiration / therapy
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / complications
  • Respiratory Tract Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Risk Factors