The incidental finding of elevated anti GQ1B antibodies in a patient with selective small fiber neuropathy

J Neurol Sci. 2018 May 15:388:192-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.03.030. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Abstract

Small fiber neuropathy (SFN) selectively affects small diameter sensory and/or autonomic axons. Pain and autonomic dysfunctions are the most common symptoms. SFN occurs in several autoimmune diseases and autoantibodies against neuronal proteins may play a role in SFN pathophysiology. Anti-GQ1b antibody has been associated with Miller Fisher syndrome, Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis, acute ophthalmoplegia, pharyngeal-cervical-brachial weakness and peripheral neuropathy involving large fibers. Isolated SFN associated with anti-GQ1b antibodies has not been previously reported. Here we report a 45-year-old woman presenting with highly positive anti-GQ1b titer and selective SFN without central nervous system or peripheral large nerve involvement. She improved upon administration of adalizumab. Further studies will clarify a possible pathogenetic role of antiganglioside antibodies in SFN. Moreover, the recognition of antiganglioside antibodies in SFN may have therapeutic consequences with patients who would benefit from immunotherapy.

Keywords: Anti-GQ1b; Autoimmune diseases; Skin biopsy; Small fiber neuropathy.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Letter

MeSH terms

  • Autoantibodies / metabolism*
  • Biomarkers / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gangliosides / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin M / metabolism
  • Incidental Findings
  • Middle Aged
  • Small Fiber Neuropathy / diagnosis
  • Small Fiber Neuropathy / drug therapy
  • Small Fiber Neuropathy / immunology*
  • Small Fiber Neuropathy / pathology

Substances

  • Autoantibodies
  • Biomarkers
  • Gangliosides
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • GQ1b ganglioside