Objective: To investigate three expression-altering NFE2L2 SNPs and four PPARGC1α previously implicated SNPs and pesticides on Parkinson's disease (PD) risk and symptom progression.
Methods: In 472 PD patients and 532 population-based controls, we examined variants and their interactions with maneb and paraquat (MB/PQ) pesticide exposure on PD onset (logistic regression) and progression of motor symptoms and cognitive decline (n = 192; linear repeated measures).
Results: NFE2L2 rs6721961 T allele was associated with a reduced risk of PD (OR = 0.70, 95% CI = 0.53, 0.94) and slower cognitive decline (β = 0.095; p = 0.0004). None of the PPARGC1α SNPs were marginally associated with PD risk. We estimate statistical interactions between MB/PQ and PPARGC1α rs6821591 (interaction p = 0.009) and rs8192678 (interaction p = 0.05), such that those with high exposure and the variant allele were at an increased risk of PD (OR ≥ 1.30, p ≤ 0.05). PPARGC1α rs6821591 was also associated with faster motor symptom progression as measured with the UPDRS-III (β = 0.234; p = 0.001).
Conclusion: Our study provides support for the involvement of both NFE2L2 and PPARGC1α in PD susceptibility and progression, marginally and through pathways involving MB/PQ exposure.
Keywords: Cognition; NFE2L2; PPARGC1α; Paraquat; Parkinson’s disease.
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